国家重点保护野生动物名录（2021）
| 中文名 | 学名 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 脊索动物门CHORDATA | ||
| 文昌鱼纲AMPHIOXI | ||
| 文昌鱼目AMPHIOXIFORMES | ||
| #文昌鱼科Branchiostomatidae | ||
| *厦门文昌鱼 | Branchiostoma belcheri | 原名“文昌鱼”，仅限野外种群 |
| *青岛文昌鱼 | Branchiostoma tsingdauense | 仅限野外种群 |
| 圆口纲CYCLOSTOMATA | ||
| 七鳃鳗目PETROMYZONTIFORMES | ||
| #七鳃鳗科Petromyzontidae | ||
| *日本七鳃鳗 | Lampetra japonica | |
| *东北七鳃鳗 | Lampetra morii | |
| *雷氏七鳃鳗 | Lampetra reissneri | |
| 软骨鱼纲CHONDRICHTHYES | ||
| 鼠鲨目LAMNIFORMES | ||
| 姥鲨科Cetorhinidae | ||
| *姥鲨 | Cetorhinus maximus | |
| 鼠鲨科Lamnidae | ||
| *噬人鲨 | Carcharodon carcharias | |
| 须鲨目ORECTOLOBIFORMES | ||
| 鲸鲨科Rhincodontidae | ||
| *鲸鲨 | Rhincodon typus | |
| 鲼目MYLIOBATIFORMES | ||
| 魟科Dasyatidae | ||
| *黄魟 | Dasyatis bennettii | 仅限陆封种群,魟音[hóng] |
| 硬骨鱼纲OSTEICHTHYES | ||
| #鲟形目ACIPENSERIFORMES | ||
| 鲟科Acipenseridae | ||
| *中华鲟 | Acipenser sinensis | |
| *长江鲟 | Acipenser dabryanus | 原名“达氏鲟” |
| *鳇 | Huso dauricus | 仅限野外种群 |
| *西伯利亚鲟 | Acipenser baerii | 仅限野外种群 |
| *裸腹鲟 | Acipenser nudiventris | 仅限野外种群 |
| *小体鲟 | Acipenser ruthenus | 仅限野外种群 |
| *施氏鲟 | Acipenser schrenckii | 仅限野外种群 |
| 匙吻鲟科Polyodontidae | ||
| *白鲟 | Psephurus gladius | |
| 鳗鲡目ANGUILLIFORMES | ||
| 鳗鲡科Anguillidae | ||
| *花鳗鲡 | Anguilla marmorata | |
| 鲱形目CLUPEIFORMES | ||
| 鲱科Clupeidae | ||
| *鲥 | Tenualosa reevesii | |
| 鲤形目CYPRINIFORMES | ||
| 双孔鱼科Gyrinocheilidae | ||
| *双孔鱼 | Gyrinocheilus aymonieri | 仅限野外种群 |
| 裸吻鱼科Psilorhynchidae | ||
| *平鳍裸吻鱼 | Psilorhynchus homaloptera | 仅限野外种群 |
| 亚口鱼科Catostomidae | ||
| *胭脂鱼 | Myxocyprinus asiaticus | 原名“胭脂鱼科”，仅限野外种群 |
| 鲤科Cyprinidae | ||
| *唐鱼 | Tanichthys albonubes | 仅限野外种群 |
| *稀有鮈鲫 | Gobiocypris rarus | 仅限野外种群,鮈音[jū] |
| *鯮 | Luciobrama macrocephalus | 鯮音[zōng] |
| *多鳞白鱼 | Anabarilius polylepis | |
| *山白鱼 | Anabarilius transmontanus | |
| *北方铜鱼 | Coreius septentrionalis | |
| *圆口铜鱼 | Coreius guichenoti | 仅限野外种群 |
| *大鼻吻鮈 | Rhinogobio nasutus | 鮈音[jū] |
| *长鳍吻鮈 | Rhinogobio ventralis | 鮈音[jū] |
| *平鳍鳅鮀 | Gobiobotia homalopteroidea | 鮀音[tuó] |
| *单纹似鳡 | Luciocyprinus langsoni | |
| *金线鲃属所有种 | Sinocyclocheilus spp. | |
| *四川白甲鱼 | Onychostoma angustistomata | |
| *多鳞白甲鱼 | Onychostoma macrolepis | 仅限野外种群 |
| *金沙鲈鲤 | Percocypris pingi | 仅限野外种群 |
| *花鲈鲤 | Percocypris regani | 仅限野外种群 |
| *后背鲈鲤 | Percocypris retrodorslis | 仅限野外种群 |
| *张氏鲈鲤 | Percocypris tchangi | 仅限野外种群 |
| *裸腹盲鲃 | Typhlobarbus nudiventris | |
| *角鱼 | Akrokolioplax bicornis | |
| *骨唇黄河鱼 | Chuanchia labiosa | |
| *极边扁咽齿鱼 | Platypharodon extremus | 仅限野外种群 |
| *细鳞裂腹鱼 | Schizothorax chongi | 仅限野外种群 |
| *巨须裂腹鱼 | Schizothorax macropogon | |
| *重口裂腹鱼 | Schizothorax davidi | 仅限野外种群 |
| *拉萨裂腹鱼 | Schizothorax waltoni | 仅限野外种群 |
| *塔里木裂腹鱼 | Schizothorax biddulphi | 仅限野外种群 |
| *大理腹鱼 | Schizothorax taliensis | 仅限野外种群 |
| *扁吻鱼 | Aspiorhynchus laticeps | 原名“新疆大头鱼” |
| *厚唇裸重唇鱼 | Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus | 仅限野外种群 |
| *斑重唇鱼 | Diptychus maculatus | |
| *尖裸鲤 | Oxygymnocypris stewartii | 仅限野外种群 |
| *大头鲤 | Cyprinus pellegrini | 仅限野外种群 |
| *小鲤 | Cyprinus micristius | |
| *抚仙鲤 | Cyprinus fuxianensis | |
| *岩原鲤 | Procypris rabaudi | 仅限野外种群 |
| *乌原鲤 | Procypris merus | |
| *大鳞鲢 | Hypophthalmichthys harmandi | |
| 鳅科Cobitidae | ||
| *红唇薄鳅 | Leptobotia rubrilabris | 仅限野外种群 |
| *黄线薄鳅 | Leptobotia flavolineata | |
| *长薄鳅 | Leptobotia elongata | 仅限野外种群 |
| 条鳅科Nemacheilidae | ||
| *无眼岭鳅 | Oreonectes anophthalmus | |
| *拟鲇高原鳅 | Triplophysa siluroides | 仅限野外种群 |
| *湘西盲高原鳅 | Triplophysa xiangxiensis | |
| *小头高原鳅 | Triplophysa minuta | |
| 爬鳅科Balitoridae | ||
| *厚唇原吸鳅 | Protomyzon pachychilus | |
| 鲇形目SILURIFORMES | ||
| 鲿科Bagridae | ||
| *斑鳠 | Hemibagrus guttatus | 仅限野外种群,鳠音[hù] |
| 鲇科Siluridae | ||
| *昆明鲇 | Silurus mento | |
| 巨鲶科Pangasiidae | ||
| *长丝巨鲶 | Pangasius sanitwangsei | 巨鲶原为“鱼芒”，字库缺此字 |
| 钝头鮠科Amblycipitidae | ||
| *金氏䱀 | Liobagrus kingi | 鮠音[wéi] |
| 鮡科Sisoridae | ||
| *长丝黑鮡 | Gagata dolichonema | 鮡音[zhào] |
| *青石爬鮡 | Euchiloglanis davidi | 鮡音[zhào] |
| *黑斑原鮡 | Glyptosternum maculatum | 鮡音[zhào] |
| *魾 | Bagarius bagarius | 魾音[pī] |
| *红魾 | Bagarius rutilus | 魾音[pī] |
| *巨魾 | Bagarius yarrelli | 魾音[pī] |
| 鲑形目SALMONIFORMES | ||
| 鲑科Salmonidae | ||
| *细鳞鲑属所有种 | Brachymystax spp. | 仅限野外种群 |
| *川陕哲罗鲑 | Hucho bleekeri | |
| *哲罗鲑 | Hucho taimen | 仅限野外种群 |
| *石川氏哲罗鲑 | Hucho ishikawai | |
| *花羔红点鲑 | Salvelinus malma | 仅限野外种群 |
| *马苏大马哈鱼 | Oncorhynchus mason | |
| *北鲑 | Stenodus leucichthys | |
| *北极茴鱼 | Thymallus arcticus | 仅限野外种群 |
| *下游黑龙江茴鱼 | Thymallus tugarinae | 仅限野外种群 |
| *鸭绿江茴鱼 | Thymallus yaluensis | 仅限野外种群 |
| 海龙鱼目SYNGNATHIFORMES | ||
| 海龙鱼科Syngnathidae | ||
| *海马属所有种 | Hippocampus spp. | 仅限野外种群 |
| 鲈形目PERCIFORMES | ||
| 石首鱼科Sciaenidae | ||
| *黄唇鱼 | Bahaba taipingensis | |
| 隆头鱼科Labridae | ||
| *波纹唇鱼 | Cheilinus undulatus | 仅限野外种群 |
| 鲉形目SCORPAENIFORMES | ||
| 杜父鱼科Cottidae | ||
| *松江鲈 | Trachidermus fasciatus | 原名“松江鲈鱼”,仅限野外种群 |